In his discussion of particular justice, Aristotle says an educated judge is needed to apply just decisions regarding any particular case. Some philosophers, in particular Bernard Williams, regard Aristotle's ethics as superior to the Utilitarian and Kantian traditions, which have come to be the dominant approaches to philosophical ethics. Aristotle describes popular accounts about what kind of life would be a happy one by classifying them into three most common types: a life dedicated to vulgar pleasure; a life dedicated to fame and honor; and a life dedicated to contemplation (NE I.1095b17-19). Thus neither of these characteristics is particular to humans. But the exact role of the function argument in Aristotle's ethical theory is itself a matter of dispute. With respect to practical activity, in order to exercise any one of the practical excellences in the highest way, a person must possess all the others. In his ethical works, Aristotle presents an extraordinarily nuanced and insightful account of the different aspects of the good human being and the good human being’s life. Aquinas' writings are full of references to Aristotle, and he wrote a commentary on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. Title: The Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle Author: Aristotle, Frank Hesketh Peters Created Date: 9/10/2008 2:51:57 PM In Book III of the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle argues that a person's character is voluntary, since it results from many individual actions which are under his voluntary control. Aristotle's writings were taught in the Academy in Athens until 529 CE when the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I closed down non-Christian schools of philosophy. For example, Aristotle thinks that the man whose appetites are in the correct order actually takes pleasure in acting moderately. The book was published in multiple languages including English, consists of 329 pages and is available in Paperback format. In the twelfth century, Latin translations of Aristotle's works were made, enabling the Dominican priest Albert the Great and his pupil Thomas Aquinas to synthesize Aristotle's philosophy with Christian theology. Series. Aristotle's writings have been read more or less continuously since ancient times,[1] and his ethical treatises in particular continue to influence philosophers working today. i. He identifies two different ways in which the soul can engage: reasoning (both practical and theoretical) and following reasoning. The Nicomachean Ethics has received the most scholarly attention, and is the most easily available to modern readers in many different translations and editions. Bravery, and the correct regulation of one's bodily appetites, are examples of character excellence or virtue. This is the type of justice or fairness of a good ruler in a good community. Thuc . In this paper, I will present Aristotle’s ethical views, how they apply to humanity and the purpose of studying ethics. In philosophy, ethics is the attempt to offer a rational response to the question of how humans should best live. And supernatural assistance could help people to achieve virtue. endoxa). But such emotional dispositions may also lie at a mean between two extremes, and these are also to some extent a result of up-bringing and habituation. In this discussion, Aristotle defines justice as having two different but related senses—general justice and particular justice. This requires us to make choices, some of which may be very difficult. Aristotle regarded ethics and politics as two related but separate fields of study, since ethics examines the good of the individual, while politics examines the good of the City-State, which he considered to be the best type of community. 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