Its capital was Samaria. When the Hebrews had first asked for a king, in the book of Judges, they were told that only God was their king. It lasted for about 210 years until it was destroyed by Assyria in 722 BC. Every king of Israel was evil. According to the Hebrew Bible, the Kingdom of Israel (Hebrew: מַמְלֶכֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎, Modern: Mamlekhet Yisra'el, Tiberian: Mamléḵeṯ Yiśrāʼēl), was one of two successor states to the former United Kingdom of Israel and Judah. Nebuchadnezzar was the equal of all the great Mesopotamian conquerors, from Sargon onwards; he not only prevented major powers such as Egypt and Syria from making inroads on his territory, he also conquered the Phoenicians and the state of Judah (586 BC), the southern Jewish kingdom that remained after the subjugation of Israel, the northern kingdom, by the Assyrians. The Hebrew kingdom, started with such promise and glory by David, was now at an end. But Judah soon fell victim to the power struggles between Assyrians, Babylonians, and Egyptians. King Solomon created the wealthiest and most powerful central government the Hebrews would ever see, but he did so at an impossibly high cost. It was a kingdom in the Southern Levant region of the Middle East. In 722 BC, the Assyrians conquered Israel. Certainly, the conquest of Israel scared the people and monarchs of Judah. The northern kingdom continued to be called the Kingdom of Israel or Israel, while the southern kingdom was called the Kingdom of Judah. However, Zedekiah defected from the Babylonians one more time. Babylonia became the ruling empire and set about to consolidate its position. But in 722 B.C., Israel ceased to exist as a kingdom after it was conquered by the Assyrians. The Assyrians did not settle the Israelites in one place, but scattered them in small populations all over the Middle East. This deportation was the beginning of the Exile. The Southern Kingdom of Israel called Kingdom of Judah was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 582 BCE Within a short time, the Assyrians in Samaria were worshipping Yahweh as well as their own gods; within a couple centuries, they would be worshipping Yahweh exclusively. When was the Northern Kingdom of Israel put into... What does the Bible say about the Hittites? The Samaritans, who were Assyrian and therefore non-Hebrew, adopted almost all of the Hebrew Torah and cultic practices; unlike the Jews, however, they believed that they could sacrifice to God outside of the temple in Jerusalem. When Josiah's son, Jehoahaz, became king, the king of Egypt, Necho (put into power by the Assyrians), rushed into Judah and deposed him, and Judah became a tribute state of Egypt. Which king reigned over the Kingdom of Israel? Ancient Hebrews' Movement to & from Egypt, Ancient Israel: Social Structure & Political Organization, Egyptian Pharaohs: History, Facts & Timeline, The Phoenicians: History, Religion & Civilization, Egyptian Social Structure: From Slaves to Pharaoh, Mesopotamia & Ancient Egypt: Similarities & Differences, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, McDougal Littell Modern World History - Patterns of Interaction: Online Textbook Help, Prentice Hall United States History: Online Textbook Help, Important People in World History Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, High School World History: Help and Review, CLEP Social Sciences and History: Study Guide & Test Prep, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, TExES History 7-12 (233): Practice & Study Guide, Biological and Biomedical One other consequence of the Assyrian invasion of Israel involved the settling of Israel by Assyrians. The capital of Judah became Jerusalem, while the capital of Israel in the north was Samaria. The history told in the Hebrew book, Kings, bears out Samuel's warning. Assyrian captivity and fall of the Kingdom of Northern Israel. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. Early Times (1000 BCE - 135 CE) King David ruled with Jerusalem as his capital over Judea, the first united kingdom in an area, which roughly corresponds to today's Israel including the West Bank. 1. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Nebuchadnezzar caught Zedekiah and forced him to watch the murder of his sons; then he blinded him and deported him to Babylon. The history of the both kingdoms is a litany of ineffective, disobedient, and corrupt kings. Being small was a liability. When the Babylonians defeated the Egyptians in 605 BC, then Judah became a tribute state to Babylon. The Kingdom of Judah, or Southern Kingdom, existed as an independent state until 586 BCE, when it was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian Empire. By Stan Goodenough In 701 BC, 19 years after vanquishing and forever wiping out the northern kingdom of Israel, Assyria, under Sennacherib, moved against the southern kingdom of Judah and laid siege to Jerusalem. Who did King David sleep with in the Bible? The Southern Kingdom of Israel (Judah) was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) kingdom under Nebuchadnezzar in the 580s BC. Sources: The Hebrews: A Learning Module from Washington State University, ©Richard Hooker, reprinted by permission. The northern kingdom is called “Israel” (or sometimes “Ephraim”) in Scripture, and the southern kingdom is called “Judah.” From the divine viewpoint, the division was a judgment on not keeping God’s commands, specifically the commands prohibiting idolatry. In order to assure that conquered territories would remain pacified, the Assyrians would force many of the native inhabitants to relocate to other parts of their empire. The Southern Kingdom of Israel (Judah) was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) kingdom under Nebuchadnezzar in the 580s BC. Answer: The struggle between Judah and Babylon was long and ultimately disastrous for Judah. The Hebrew empire eventually collapses, Moab successfully revolts against Judah, and Ammon successfully secedes from Israel. Who conquered the Southern Kingdom of Israel? They almost always chose the upper and more powerful classes, for they had no reason to fear the general mass of a population. It would never appear again, except for a brief time in the second century BC, and to the Jews forced to relocate and the Jews left to scratch out a living in their once proud kingdom, it seemed as if no Jewish nation would ever exist again. 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